A strong IELTS Task 2 essay starts with knowing exactly what kind of question you’re answering. 

Although many teachers organise Task 2 into three main types, IELTS examiners actually use five categories. The good news? All of them can be approached confidently once you understand the main structures.

This guide explains each essay type, explains what the examiner expects, and gives simple example questions so you know exactly what to look for on test day.

1. Opinion Essay (Agree/Disagree)

What the examiner is asking for

You must clearly state whether you agree, disagree, or partially agree, and support your view throughout the essay.

Typical wording

• To what extent do you agree or disagree?

• Do you agree or disagree?

Example Question

Some people believe that online learning will replace traditional classroom teaching. To what extent do you agree or disagree?

2. Discussion Essay (Discuss Both Views + Your Opinion)

What the examiner is asking for

You must explain both sides of an argument and give your opinion. Your opinion must be consistent from the introduction to the conclusion.

Typical wording

• Discuss both views and give your own opinion.

• Discuss both sides of the argument and give your view.

Example Question

Some people think governments should invest more in public transport, while others believe funding should go towards improving roads. Discuss both views and give your opinion.

3. Advantages & Disadvantages Essay

What the examiner is asking for

You need to describe the main benefits and drawbacks of a situation or development. Sometimes the question will also ask for your opinion.

Typical wording

• What are the advantages and disadvantages…?

• Do the advantages outweigh the disadvantages?

Example Question

Most people prefer shopping in large supermarkets today. What are the advantages and disadvantages of this development?

4. Problem & Solution Essay

What the examiner is asking for

You must identify the main problems related to a topic and suggest one or more solutions.

Typical wording

• What problems does this cause, and what solutions can you suggest?

• Why is this happening? What can be done about it?

Example Question

Obesity is becoming increasingly common among children. What problems does this cause, and what solutions could help children stay healthy?

5. Direct Question / Double Question Essay

What the examiner is asking for

You must answer two separate questions within one task. These questions often combine elements from other essay types.

Typical wording

• Why is this happening?

• Is this a positive or negative development?

• What are the reasons, and what should be done?

Example Question

Many people now choose to live in smaller homes. Why is this happening? Do you think this is a positive or negative trend?

How the Five Types Connect

Even though IELTS uses five categories, they all fit into the three core structures many students already learn:

• Opinion + Discussion → both rely on clear, consistent viewpoints.

• Advantages/Disadvantages + Direct Questions → often overlap in development.

• Problem/Solution + Direct Questions → share similar paragraph patterns.

Once you understand the main structures, they can confidently approach any Task 2 question they face.